Multiple Sclerosis

What is multiple sclerosis?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder that affects the nervous system. With MS, your immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the myelin sheath that protects the nerves in the brain and spinal cord. 

Damage to the myelin sheath disrupts nerve signaling, affecting communication between your brain and spinal cord and the rest of your body.

Researchers are still investigating what causes someone to develop MS, but they theorize it may occur from various triggers like an infection (viral or bacterial), environmental exposures, or genetic mutations. 

What are the types of multiple sclerosis?

MS is unpredictable and affects everyone differently. The neurologists at Valley Neurology categorize MS into types based on symptom presentation. The types include:

Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS)

CIS is the first neurological attack consisting of symptoms consistent with MS. MRIs at this stage may show evidence of demyelination.

Relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS)

RRMS is the most common type. People with RRMS experience flare-ups in MS symptoms that can last from days to weeks and then may go away for a time.

Primary progressive MS (PPMS)

People with PPMS experience MS symptoms that progressively worsen over time without clear relapses.

Secondary progressive MS (SPMS)

Over time, some people with RRMS can develop SPMS. With SPMS, you may have continued progression of symptoms with or without relapses.

What are the symptoms of multiple sclerosis?

Multiple sclerosis symptoms vary. However, vision problems are a common early symptom of MS. Other symptoms may include:

• Changes in gait
• Poor balance
• Muscle weakness
• Fatigue
• Muscle spasms
• Tingling or numbness in the arms or legs

Over time, symptoms may worsen, affecting quality of life. Valley Neurology specializes in MS treatment and can design a plan to reduce symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease. 

What are some of the treatments for multiple sclerosis?

Your provider at Valley Neurology customizes your MS treatment plan based on type and symptoms. Treatment may include:

• Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) to reduce relapses and progression
• Relapse management medications
• Symptom management
• Physical therapy
• Counseling
• Botox® injections for spasticity

Currently, there is no cure for MS. However, with advances in research and treatment options, you can live a long and full life with MS.

For expert MS care, call Valley Neurology or request an appointment online today.